In the third week you learned:

• Miscellaneous:
  • When you prompt users for input, the message should be clear, indicating what type of input you're expecting from them
  • You should not have "hard-coded" numbers in your program - instead these should be defined as const variables.
  • Const variables must be (and other variables may be) initialized on the line where you declare them. There are two styles of initializing. For example: const float pi = 3.14159;
const int days_per_week(7); The latter method is preferable.
  • const variables may be declared as global variables (declared outside of main), but don't declare non-const variables as global variables.
  • You can put special characters into strings. Examples include \n (for new line), \t (for tab) or \\ (for backslash).
• Arithmetic:
  • Assignment statements can be strung together, for example: x = y = z+2; The assignments are evaluated from right to left.
  • Compound assignment statements, such as +=, *=, -=, /= For example, x += y; is a synonym for x = x + y; and x *= (1+interest); is a synonym for x = x * (1+interest);
  • Increment and decrement operators and what they mean (such as x++; y = ++z; rounds_left--; etc. (there's a difference between post-increment and pre-increment, between post-decrement and pre-decrement)
  • The mod operator % (x%y gives the remainder when x is divided by y)
• Selection structures:
  • boolean expressions (evaluate to true/false)
  • relational operators (==, <, <=, >, >=)
  • logical operators (&&, ||)
  • "if" statement (one-way selection), its form, its flowchart, examples
  • "if/else" statement (two-way selection), its form, its flowchart, examples
  • nested if/else statements (multi-way selection), the form, the flowchart, example
  • compound statements (list statements within a pair of curly braces, and they're treated as one statement for the purpose of if/else)
  • formatting conventions (indentation) for selection structures